Okokuqala, izihlanganisi zokutshaja zahlulwe zaba sisihlanganisi seDC kunye nesihlanganisi se-AC. Izihlanganisi zeDC zine-high-current, high-power charging, ezixhotyiswe ngokubanzi ngezikhululo zokutshaja ezikhawulezayo zezithuthi ezintsha zamandla. Iintsapho zihlala zii-AC charging piles, okanye iintambo zokutshaja eziphathwayo.
1. Iziqhagamsheli zokutshaja ze-AC EV
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu ikakhulu, uhlobo 1, uhlobo 2, GB/T, olunokubizwa ngokuba ngumgangatho waseMelika, umgangatho waseYurophu kunye nomgangatho weSizwe. Kakade ke, iTesla inendlela yayo yokutshaja eqhelekileyo, kodwa phantsi koxinzelelo, iTesla nayo yaqala ukutshintsha imigangatho yayo ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yemarike ukuze iimoto zayo zifaneleke ngakumbi kwiimarike, kanye njengokuba iTesla yasekhaya kufuneka ixhotyiswe ngezibuko lokutshaja eliqhelekileyo lesizwe.
①Uhlobo 1: I-interface ye-SAE J1772, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-J-connector
Ngokusisiseko, i-United States kunye namazwe anobudlelwane obusondeleyo ne-United States (njengeJapan kunye neSouth Korea) asebenzisa izibhamu zokutshaja ezisemgangathweni zaseMelika zohlobo 1, kuquka izibhamu zokutshaja eziphathwayo ezithwalwa ziinqwaba zokutshaja ze-AC. Ke ngoko, ukuze ikwazi ukuziqhelanisa nale ndlela yokutshaja esemgangathweni, iTesla kwafuneka ibonelele nge-adaptha yokutshaja ukuze iimoto zeTesla zikwazi ukusebenzisa inqwaba yokutshaja kawonke-wonke yezibuko lokutshaja zohlobo 1.
Uhlobo 1 lubonelela ikakhulu ngee-voltage ezimbini zokutshaja, i-120V (Inqanaba 1) kunye ne-240V (Inqanaba 2)
②Uhlobo 2: I-interface ye-IEC 62196
Uhlobo lwesibini luyimigangatho emitsha yojongano lwezithuthi zamandla eYurophu, kwaye i-voltage elinganisiweyo ngokubanzi yi-230V. Ukujonga umfanekiso, isenokufana kancinci nomgangatho wesizwe. Enyanisweni, kulula ukwahlula. Umgangatho waseYurophu ufana nomfanekiso ocacileyo, kwaye inxalenye emnyama igrunjelwe ngaphandle, nto leyo echasene nomgangatho wesizwe.
Ukususela nge-1 kaJanuwari 2016, ilizwe lam limisela ukuba logama nje ii-charging ports zazo zonke iimpawu zezithuthi zamandla ezintsha eziveliswa eTshayina kufuneka zihlangabezane nomgangatho wesizwe we-GB/T20234, ngoko ke ii-power vehicles ezintsha eziveliswa eTshayina emva kowama-2016 akufuneki ziqwalasele i-charging port efanelekileyo kuzo. Ingxaki yokungazivumelanisi nomgangatho wesizwe, kuba umgangatho uhlanganisiwe.
I-voltage elinganisiweyo yetshaja ye-AC esemgangathweni kazwelonke ngokubanzi yi-voltage yasekhaya eyi-220V.
2. Isixhumi sokutshaja se-DC EV
IiDC EV Charging Connectors ngokubanzi zihambelana neeAC EV Connectors, kwaye ummandla ngamnye unemigangatho yawo, ngaphandle kweJapan. I-DC charging port eJapan yiCHAdeMO. Kakade ke, ayizizo zonke iimoto zaseJapan ezisebenzisa le DC charging port, kwaye zizithuthi ezintsha zamandla ezivela eMitsubishi naseNissan kuphela ezisebenzisa le CHAdeMO DC charging port ilandelayo.
Ezinye zezohlobo lwe-American Standard Type 1 ezihambelana ne-CCS1: yongeza imingxunya emibini yokutshaja enombane ophezulu ngezantsi.
Uhlobo 1 olusemgangathweni lwaseYurophu luhambelana neCCS2:
Kwaye ewe umgangatho wethu wokutshaja weDC:
I-voltage elinganisiweyo yee-DC charging piles idla ngokuba ngaphezulu kwe-400V, kwaye umbane ufikelela kumakhulu aliqela ee-ampere, ngoko ke ngokubanzi, awufanele ukusetyenziswa emakhaya. Ingasetyenziswa kuphela kwizikhululo zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza ezifana neevenkile ezinkulu kunye nezikhululo zepetroli.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-30-2023