1. Iinqwaba zokutshaja zizixhobo zokongeza amandla kwizithuthi ezintsha zamandla, kwaye kukho umahluko kuphuhliso lwasekhaya nakwamanye amazwe.
1.1. Inqwaba yokutshaja sisixhobo sokongeza amandla kwizithuthi ezintsha zamandla
Inqwaba yokutshaja sisixhobo sezithuthi ezintsha zamandla ukongeza amandla ombane. Kufana nesikhululo sepetroli kwizithuthi ezintsha ukufutha izithuthi. Uyilo kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa kweenqwaba zokutshaja ziguquguquka ngakumbi kunezikhululo zepetroli, kwaye iintlobo nazo zityebile. Ngokwefomu yokufakela, inokwahlulwa ibe ziinqwaba zokutshaja ezixhonywe eludongeni, iinqwaba zokutshaja ezithe nkqo, iinqwaba zokutshaja ezihambayo, njl.njl., ezifanelekileyo kwiifom ezahlukeneyo zesiza;
Ngokwendlela yokwahlulahlula iindlela zokusetyenziswa, inokwahlulwa ibe ziinqwaba zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke, iinqwaba zokutshaja ezikhethekileyo, iinqwaba zokutshaja zabucala, njl. Iinqwaba zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke zibonelela ngeenkonzo zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke, kwaye iinqwaba zokutshaja ezikhethekileyo zihlala zikhonza kuphela ngaphakathi kwenkampani yokwakha iinqwaba, ngelixa iinqwaba zokutshaja zabucala zifakwa kwiinqwaba zokutshaja zabucala. Iindawo zokupaka, azivulekanga kuluntu;
Ngokwendlela yokuhlela isantya sokutshaja (amandla okutshaja), inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe ziinqwaba zokutshaja ezikhawulezayo kunye neenqwaba zokutshaja ezicothayo; ngokwendlela yokuhlela iteknoloji yokutshaja, inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe ziinqwaba zokutshaja zeDC kunye neenqwaba zokutshaja zeAC. Ngokubanzi, iinqwaba zokutshaja zeDC zinamandla aphezulu okutshaja kunye nesantya sokutshaja esikhawulezayo, ngelixa iinqwaba zokutshaja zeAC zitshaja kancinci.
E-United States, ii-charging piles zihlala zahlulwe zibe ngamanqanaba ahlukeneyo ngokwamandla, phakathi kwawo iNqanaba 1 kunyeInqanaba lesi-2zihlala ziindawo zokutshaja ze-AC, ezifanelekileyo phantse kuzo zonke izithuthi zamandla amatsha, ngelixa ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza okuphuma kwi-tributary akufanelekanga kuzo zonke izithuthi zamandla amatsha, kwaye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zifumaneka ngokusekelwe kwimigangatho eyahlukeneyo ye-interface efana ne-J1772, i-CHAdeMO, i-Tesla, njl.
Okwangoku, akukho mgangatho womdibaniso wokutshaja odibeneyo ngokupheleleyo ehlabathini. Imigangatho ephambili yomdibaniso iquka i-GB/T yaseTshayina, i-CHAOmedo yaseJapan, i-IEC 62196 ye-European Union, i-SAE J1772 yaseMelika, kunye ne-IEC 62196.
1.2. Ukukhula kwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla kunye noncedo lomgaqo-nkqubo kuqhuba uphuhliso oluzinzileyo lweenqwaba zokutshaja kwilizwe lam
Ishishini lezithuthi zamandla ezintsha zelizwe lam likhula ngokukhawuleza. Izithuthi zamandla ezintsha zelizwe lam ziyaqhubeka nokukhula, ingakumbi ukusukela ngo-2020, izinga lokungena kwezithuthi zamandla ezintsha linyuke ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ngo-2022 izinga lokungena kwezithuthi zamandla ezintsha lidlule kwi-25%. Inani lezithuthi zamandla ezintsha nalo liya kuqhubeka nokukhula. Ngokwezibalo zeSebe lezoKhuseleko loLuntu, inani lezithuthi zamandla ezintsha kwinani lilonke lezithuthi ngo-2022 liya kufikelela kwi-4.1%.
Urhulumente ukhuphe imigaqo-nkqubo emininzi yokuxhasa uphuhliso lweshishini leepali zokutshaja. Ukuthengiswa kunye nobunini bezithuthi ezintsha zamandla kwilizwe lam kuyaqhubeka nokukhula, kwaye ngokuhambelanayo, imfuno yezixhobo zokutshaja iyaqhubeka nokukhula. Ngokuphathelele oku, urhulumente kunye namasebe asekuhlaleni afanelekileyo akhuphe imigaqo-nkqubo emininzi yokukhuthaza ngamandla uphuhliso lweshishini leepali zokutshaja, kubandakanya inkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo kunye nesikhokelo, inkxaso-mali, kunye neenjongo zokwakha.
Ngokukhula okuqhubekayo kwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla kunye nokukhuthaza umgaqo-nkqubo, inani leenqwaba zokutshaja kwilizwe lam liyaqhubeka nokukhula. Ukusukela ngo-Epreli 2023, inani leenqwaba zokutshaja kwilizwe lam liyi-6.092 yezigidi. Phakathi kwazo, inani leenqwaba zokutshaja esidlangalaleni linyuke ngama-52% unyaka nonyaka ukuya kwiiyunithi eziyi-2.025 yezigidi, apho iinqwaba zokutshaja ze-DC zaziyi-42% kwayeIinqwaba zokutshaja ze-ACI-58%. Ekubeni iinqwaba zokutshaja zabucala zihlala zihlanganiswa nezithuthi, ukukhula kobunini kukhulu nangakumbi. Ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokwanda kwe-104% ukuya kwi-4.067 yezigidi zeeyunithi unyaka nonyaka.
Umlinganiselo wezithuthi nenqwaba kwilizwe lam yi-2.5:1, apho umlinganiselo wezithuthi zikawonke-wonke kwinqwaba uyi-7.3:1. Umlinganiselo wezithuthi nenqwaba, oko kukuthi, umlinganiselo wezithuthi ezintsha zamandla kwiinqwaba zokutshaja. Ngokwembono yezinto ezikhoyo, ekupheleni kuka-2022, umlinganiselo wezithuthi neenqwaba kwilizwe lam uya kuba yi-2.5:1, kwaye umkhwa uphela uyehla kancinci kancinci, oko kukuthi, izibonelelo zokutshaja zezithuthi ezintsha zamandla zihlala ziphuculwa. Phakathi kwazo, umlinganiselo wezithuthi zikawonke-wonke kwiinqwaba yi-7.3:1, eye yanda kancinci kancinci ukusukela ekupheleni kuka-2020. Isizathu kukuba ukuthengiswa kwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla kukhule ngokukhawuleza kwaye izinga lokukhula lidlule inkqubela phambili yokwakha yeenqwaba zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke; umlinganiselo wezithuthi zabucala kwiinqwaba yi-3.8:1, ebonisa ukwehla kancinci kancinci. Lo mkhwa ubangelwa ikakhulu zizinto ezifana nokukhuthazwa okusebenzayo kwemigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe yokukhuthaza ukwakhiwa kweenqwaba zokutshaja zabucala kwiindawo zokuhlala.
Ngokuphathelele ukwahlulwahlulwa kweenqwaba zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke, inani leenqwaba zeDC zikawonke-wonke: inani leenqwaba ze-AC zikawonke-wonke ≈ 4:6, ngoko ke umlinganiselo weenqwaba zeDC zikawonke-wonke umalunga ne-17.2:1, ongaphezulu kunomlinganiselo weenqwaba ze-AC zikawonke-wonke we-12.6:1.
Umlinganiselo wezithuthi ukuya kwinqwaba onyukayo ubonisa indlela yokuphucuka kancinci kancinci iyonke. Ngokwembono enyukayo, ekubeni iinqwaba ezintsha zokutshaja zenyanga, ingakumbi iinqwaba ezintsha zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke, zinganxulumananga ngokusondeleyo nokuthengiswa kwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla, zinenguquko enkulu kwaye zikhokelela ekutshintsheni komlinganiselo weenqwelo ezintsha zenyanga. Ke ngoko, i-caliber yekota isetyenziselwa ukubala umlinganiselo wezithuthi ukuya kwinqwaba onyukayo, oko kukuthi, umthamo wokuthengisa wezithuthi ezintsha zamandla ezongeziweyo: inani leenqwaba zokutshaja ezisandula kongezwa. Kwi-2023Q1, umlinganiselo omtsha wezithuthi ukuya kwinqwaba ongezelelweyo yi-2.5:1, obonisa indlela ehla kancinci kancinci iyonke. Phakathi kwazo, umlinganiselo omtsha wezithuthi zikawonke-wonke ukuya kwinqwaba yi-9.8:1, kwaye umlinganiselo omtsha wezithuthi zabucala ukuya kwinqwaba yi-3.4:1, obonisa nophuculo olukhulu.
1.3. Ukwakhiwa kwezixhobo zokutshaja phesheya kolwandle akugqibelelanga, kwaye amathuba okukhula aphezulu kakhulu
1.3.1. IYurophu: Uphuhliso lwamandla amatsha lwahlukile, kodwa kukho izikhewu kwiinqwaba zokutshaja
Izithuthi ezintsha zamandla eYurophu ziphuhla ngokukhawuleza kwaye zinezinga eliphezulu lokungena. IYurophu yenye yeendawo ezibeka phambili ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kwihlabathi liphela. Iqhutywa yimigaqo-nkqubo nemigaqo, ishishini lezithuthi ezintsha zamandla eYurophu liphuhla ngokukhawuleza kwaye izinga lokungena kwamandla amatsha liphezulu. Ifikelele kwi-21.2%.
Umlinganiselo wezithuthi ukuya kwinqwaba eYurophu uphezulu, kwaye kukho umsantsa omkhulu kwiindawo zokutshaja. Ngokwezibalo ze-IEA, umlinganiselo weenqwaba zezithuthi zikawonke-wonke eYurophu uza kuba malunga ne-14.4:1 ngo-2022, apho iinqwaba zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza zikawonke-wonke ziya kubalelwa kwi-13% kuphela. Nangona imakethi yezithuthi ezintsha zamandla eYurophu ikhula ngokukhawuleza, ukwakhiwa kweendawo zokutshaja ezifanayo kusemva kakhulu, kwaye kukho iingxaki ezifana neendawo ezimbalwa zokutshaja kunye nesantya sokutshaja esicothayo.
Uphuhliso lwamandla amatsha alulingani phakathi kwamazwe aseYurophu, kwaye umlinganiselo wezithuthi zikawonke-wonke kwiinqwaba nawo wahlukile. Ngokuphathelele ukwahlulwahlulwa, iNorway neSweden zinezinga eliphezulu lokungena kwamandla amatsha, lifikelela kwi-73.5% kunye ne-49.1% ngokulandelelanayo ngo-2022, kwaye umlinganiselo wezithuthi zikawonke-wonke kwiinqwaba kula mazwe mabini nawo uphezulu kunomndilili waseYurophu, ufikelela kwi-32.8:1 kunye ne-25.0 ngokulandelelanayo: 1.
IJamani, i-United Kingdom, kunye neFransi zezona zizwe zithengisa kakhulu iimoto eYurophu, kwaye izinga lokungena kwamandla amatsha nalo liphezulu. Ngo-2022, izinga lokungena kwamandla amatsha eJamani, e-United Kingdom, naseFransi liza kufikelela kwi-28.2%, 20.3%, kunye ne-17.3%, ngokwahlukeneyo, kwaye umlinganiselo wezithuthi zikawonke-wonke uza kuba yi-24.5:1, 18.8:1, kunye ne-11.8:1, ngokwahlukeneyo.
Ngokuphathelele imigaqo-nkqubo, iManyano yaseYurophu kunye namazwe amaninzi aseYurophu aqalise ngokulandelelana imigaqo-nkqubo yenkuthazo okanye imigaqo-nkqubo yenkxaso-mali yokuhlawulisa enxulumene nokwakhiwa kwezibonelelo zokuhlawulisa ukuze kukhuthazwe uphuhliso lwezibonelelo zokuhlawulisa.
1.3.2. I-United States: Iindawo zokutshaja kufuneka ziphuhliswe ngokukhawuleza, kwaye urhulumente kunye namashishini basebenzisane
Njengenye yeemarike ezinkulu zeemoto kwihlabathi, i-United States yenze inkqubela phambili kancinci kwicandelo lamandla amatsha kuneTshayina neYurophu. Ngo-2022, ukuthengiswa kwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla kuya kudlula kwisigidi esinye, kunye nesantya sokungena esimalunga ne-7.0%.
Kwangaxeshanye, uphuhliso lwemarike yeenqwaba zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke eMelika nalo lucotha kakhulu, kwaye izixhobo zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke azikagqitywa. Ngo-2022, umlinganiselo wezithuthi zikawonke-wonke kwiinqwaba eMelika uza kuba yi-23.1:1, apho iinqwaba zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza zikawonke-wonke ziya kuba yi-21.9%.
I-United States kunye namanye amazwe acebise imigaqo-nkqubo yokukhuthaza izakhiwo zokutshaja, kuquka iprojekthi karhulumente wase-US yokwakha iipali zokutshaja ezingama-500,000 ezixabisa i-US $7.5 yeebhiliyoni. Isimbuku esifumanekayo kumazwe aphantsi kwenkqubo ye-NEVI yi-$615 yezigidi kwi-FY 2022 kunye ne-$885 yezigidi kwi-FY 2023. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba iipali zokutshaja ezithatha inxaxheba kwiprojekthi karhulumente wobumbano wase-US kufuneka zenziwe e-United States (kuquka iinkqubo zokuvelisa ezifana nezindlu kunye nokuhlanganiswa), kwaye ngoJulayi 2024, ubuncinane i-55% yazo zonke iindleko zecandelo kufuneka zivela e-United States.
Ukongeza kwizibonelelo zomgaqo-nkqubo, iinkampani zokutshaja iimfumba kunye neenkampani zeemoto zikwakhuthaze ngenkuthalo ukwakhiwa kweendawo zokutshaja, kuquka nokuvulwa kwenxalenye yenethiwekhi yokutshaja yiTesla, kunye neChargePoint, BP kunye nezinye iinkampani zeemoto ezisebenzisanayo ukusasaza nokwakha iimfumba.
Iinkampani ezininzi ezitshaja iimfumba kwihlabathi liphela nazo zityala imali eMelika ukuze ziseke iiofisi ezinkulu ezintsha, izakhiwo okanye imigca yemveliso yokuvelisa iimfumba zokutshaja eMelika.
2. Ngophuhliso olukhawulezileyo lweli shishini, imakethi yeenqwaba zokutshaja phesheya kwezilwandle iguquguquka ngakumbi
2.1. Umqobo ekuvelisweni kwemveliso ukwimojula yokutshaja, kwaye umqobo wokuya phesheya ukwisiqinisekiso esisemgangathweni
2.1.1. Inqwaba ye-AC inemiqobo ephantsi, kwaye umongo wenqwaba ye-DC yimodyuli yokutshaja
Imiqobo yokuvelisa iipali zokutshaja ze-AC iphantsi, kwaye imodyuli yokutshaja ikwiIinqwaba zokutshaja zeDCyinxenye ephambili. Ngokwembono yomgaqo wokusebenza kunye nolwakhiwo lolwakhiwo, ukuguqulwa kwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla ze-AC/DC kwenziwa yitshaja engaphakathi kwisithuthi ngexesha lokutshaja kwe-AC, ngoko ke ulwakhiwo lwenqwaba yokutshaja ye-AC lulula kwaye ixabiso liphantsi. Ekutshajeni kwe-DC, inkqubo yokuguqula ukusuka kwi-AC ukuya kwi-DC kufuneka igqitywe ngaphakathi kwenqwaba yokutshaja, ngoko ke kufuneka ifezekiswe yimodyuli yokutshaja. Imodyuli yokutshaja ichaphazela uzinzo lwesekethe, ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko lwenqwaba yonke. Yinxalenye ephambili yenqwaba yokutshaja ye-DC kwaye yenye yezona zinto zinemiqobo ephezulu yobuchwephesha. Ababoneleli bemodyuli yokutshaja baquka iHuawei, amandla e-Infy, iSinexcel, njl.
2.1.2. Ukuphumelela isiqinisekiso somgangatho waphesheya kweelwandle kuyimfuneko ebalulekileyo kwishishini laphesheya kweelwandle
Imiqobo yesatifikethi ikhona kwiimarike zaphesheya. I-China, iYurophu, kunye ne-United States zikhuphe imigangatho efanelekileyo yesatifikethi sokutshaja iipile, kwaye ukudlula isatifikethi kuyimfuneko yokungena kwimarike. Imigangatho yesatifikethi yase-China iquka i-CQC, njl., kodwa akukho migangatho yesatifikethi inyanzelekileyo okwangoku. Imigangatho yesatifikethi e-United States ibandakanya i-UL, i-FCC, i-Energy Star, njl. Imigangatho yesatifikethi kwi-European Union ikakhulu yisatifikethi se-CE, kwaye amanye amazwe aseYurophu nawo acebise imigangatho yawo yesatifikethi eyahlulwe kancinane. Lilonke, ubunzima bemigangatho yesatifikethi yi-United States > iYurophu > iTshayina.
2.2. Yasekhaya: Uxinzelelo olukhulu lwesiphelo sokusebenza, ukhuphiswano olukhulu kwikhonkco lonke leepali, kunye nokukhula okuqhubekayo kwendawo
Uxinzelelo lwabaqhubi beenqwaba zokutshaja zasekhaya luphezulu, kwaye kukho abakhuphisana abaninzi kuyo yonke ikhonkco leenqwaba zokutshaja, kwaye uyilo lusasazeke kakhulu. Ngokwembono yabaqhubi beenqwaba zokutshaja, iTelephone kunye neXingxing Charging zimalunga ne-40% yemarike yeenqwaba zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke, kwaye uxinaniso lwemarike luphezulu, i-CR5=69.1%, i-CR10=86.9%, apho imarike yeenqwaba zikawonke-wonke ze-DC CR5=80.7%, imarike yeenqwaba zonxibelelwano zikawonke-wonke ze-CR5=65.8%. Ukujonga yonke imakethi ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu, abaqhubi abahlukeneyo nabo benze iimodeli ezahlukeneyo, ezifana neTelephone, iXingxing Charging, njl.njl., bebeka phezulu nasezantsi kwekhonkco lemizi-mveliso kubandakanya yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa, kwaye kukho ezifana neXiaoju Charging, iCloud Quick Charging, njl.njl. ezisebenzisa ukukhanya. Imodeli ye-asethi ibonelela ngezisombululo zesikhululo sokutshaja somntu wesithathu kumenzi weenqwaba okanye umqhubi. Kukho abavelisi abaninzi beenqwaba ezipheleleyo eTshayina. Ngaphandle kweemodeli zokudibanisa ezithe nkqo ezifana neTelephone kunye neStar Charging, ulwakhiwo lweenqwaba lusasazeke kakhulu.
Inani leenqwaba zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke kwilizwe lam kulindeleke ukuba lifikelele kwi-7.6 yezigidi ngo-2030. Xa kujongwa uphuhliso lweshishini lezithuthi ezintsha zamandla zelizwe lam kunye nocwangciso lwemigaqo-nkqubo yelizwe, amaphondo kunye nezixeko, kuqikelelwa ukuba ngo-2025 nango-2030, inani leenqwaba zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke eTshayina liza kufikelela kwi-4.4 yezigidi kunye ne-7.6 yezigidi ngokulandelanayo, kunye no-2022-2025E kunye no-2025E I-CAGR ye--2030E yi-35.7% kunye ne-11.6% ngokulandelanayo. Kwangaxeshanye, umlinganiselo weenqwaba zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke kwiinqwaba zikawonke-wonke nawo uya kunyuka kancinci kancinci. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ngo-2030, i-47.4% yeenqwaba zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke ziya kuba ziinqwaba zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo ephucula ngakumbi amava omsebenzisi.
2.3. IYurophu: Ukwakhiwa kweenqwaba zokutshaja kuyakhawuleza, kwaye inani leenqwaba zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza liyanda
Ukuthatha umzekelo e-UK, uxinaniso lwemarike lwabaqhubi beepali zokutshaja luphantsi kunelaseTshayina. Njengenye yamazwe amakhulu amatsha anamandla eYurophu, inani leepali zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke e-UK liza kubalelwa kwi-9.9% ngo-2022. Ngokwembono yemarike yeepali zokutshaja zaseBritane, uxinaniso lwemarike iyonke luphantsi kunelo lwemarike yaseTshayina. Kwimarike yeepali zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke, i-ubitricity, i-Pod Point, i-bp pulse, njl. zinesabelo esiphezulu semarike, i-CR5=45.3%. Iipali zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke ezikhawulezayo kunye neepali zokutshaja ezikhawulezayo. Phakathi kwazo, i-InstaVolt, i-bp pulse, kunye ne-Tesla Supercharger (kubandakanya ezo zivulekileyo nezikhethekileyo kwi-Tesla) zingaphezulu kwe-10%, kunye ne-CR5=52.7%. Kuyo yonke indawo yokuvelisa iipali, abadlali abakhulu bemarike baquka i-ABB, i-Siemens, i-Schneider kunye nezinye iinkampani ezinkulu zoshishino kwicandelo lombane, kunye neenkampani zamandla ezifezekisa ulwakhiwo lweshishini leepali zokutshaja ngokuthenga. Umzekelo, i-BP ithenge enye yezona nkampani zinkulu zokutshaja izithuthi zombane e-UK ngo-2018. 1. I-Chargemaster kunye ne-Shell zifumene i-ubitricity kunye nezinye ngo-2021 (i-BP kunye ne-Shell zombini ziinkampani ezinkulu kushishino lweoyile).
Ngowama-2030, inani leenqwaba zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke eYurophu kulindeleke ukuba lifikelele kwizigidi ezingama-2.38, kwaye inani leenqwaba zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza liza kuqhubeka lisanda. Ngokweqikelelo, ngo-2025 nangowama-2030, inani leenqwaba zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke eYurophu liza kufikelela kwizigidi ezili-1.2 kunye nezi-2.38 ngokwahlukeneyo, kwaye i-CAGR ka-2022-2025E kunye no-2025E-2030E iza kuba yi-32.8% kunye ne-14.7% ngokwahlukeneyo. iya kuba yi-32.8% kunye ne-14.7% ngokwahlukeneyo. iya kuba yi-32.8% kunye ne-14.7% ngokwahlukeneyo, kodwa inani leenqwaba zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza zikawonke-wonke nalo liyanda. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ngo-2030, i-20.2% yeenqwaba zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke ziya kuba ziinqwaba zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza.
2.4. I-United States: Indawo yemarike iguquguquka ngakumbi, kwaye iimpawu zasekuhlaleni zilawula ngoku
Uxinaniso lwemarike yenethiwekhi yokutshaja eMelika luphezulu kunaseTshayina naseYurophu, kwaye iimpawu zasekuhlaleni zilawula. Ngokwembono yenani leendawo zenethiwekhi yokutshaja, iChargePoint ikwindawo ephambili enesiqingatha se-54.9%, ilandelwa yiTesla ene-10.9% (kubandakanya iNqanaba lesi-2 kunye neDC Fast), ilandelwa yiBlink kunye neSemaCharge, ezikwangazo iinkampani zaseMelika. Ngokwembono yenani leechweba ze-EVSE zokutshaja, iChargePoint isephezulu kunezinye iinkampani, ibalwa yi-39.3%, ilandelwa yiTesla, ibalwa yi-23.2% (kubandakanya iNqanaba lesi-2 kunye neDC Fast), ilandelwa ziinkampani zaseMelika uninzi lwazo.
Ngowama-2030, inani leenqwaba zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke eMelika kulindeleke ukuba lifikelele kwi-1.38 yezigidi, kwaye umlinganiselo weenqwaba zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza uza kuqhubeka uphucuka. Ngokweqikelelo, ngo-2025 nangowama-2030, inani leenqwaba zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke eMelika liza kufikelela kwi-550,000 kunye ne-1.38 yezigidi ngokulandelanayo, kwaye i-CAGR ka-2022-2025E kunye no-2025E-2030E iza kuba yi-62.6% kunye ne-20.2%, ngokwahlukeneyo. Ngokufanayo nemeko yaseYurophu, iinqwaba zokutshaja kancinci zisahlala uninzi, kodwa umlinganiselo weenqwaba zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza uza kuqhubeka uphucuka. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ngo-2030, i-27.5% yeenqwaba zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke ziya kuba ziinqwaba zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza.
2.5. Ukubalwa kweNdawo yeMarike
Ngokusekelwe kuhlalutyo olungentla lweshishini leenqwaba zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke eTshayina, eYurophu nase-United States, kucingelwa ukuba inani leenqwaba zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke liza kukhula kwi-CAGR ngexesha le-2022-2025E, kwaye inani leenqwaba zokutshaja ezintsha ezongezwayo minyaka le liya kufunyanwa ngokuthabatha inani leendawo ezibambekileyo. Ngokuphathelele ixabiso leyunithi yemveliso, iinqwaba zokutshaja zasekhaya ezicothayo zixabisa i-2,000-4,000 yuan/iseti, kwaye amaxabiso angaphandle angama-300-600 eedola/iseti (oko kukuthi, i-2,100-4,300 yuan/iseti). Ixabiso leepali zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza ze-120kW zasekhaya yi-50,000-70,000 yuan/iseti, ngelixa ixabiso leepali zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza ze-50-350kW zangaphandle linokufikelela kwi-30,000-150,000 yeedola/iseti, kwaye ixabiso leepali zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza ze-120kW limalunga ne-50,000-60,000 yeedola/iseti. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ngo-2025, indawo iyonke yemarike yeepali zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke eTshayina, eYurophu, nase-United States iya kufikelela kwi-71.06 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan.
3. Uhlalutyo lweenkampani eziphambili
Iinkampani zaphesheya kwezilwandle ezikwishishini lokutshaja iipali ziquka iChargePoint, iEVBox, iBlink, iBP Pulse, iShell, iABB, iSiemens, njl. Iinkampani zasekhaya ziquka iAutel, iSinexcel,I-CHINAEVSE, TGOOD, Gresgying, njl. Phakathi kwazo, iinkampani zeemfumba zasekhaya nazo zenze inkqubela ethile ekuyeni phesheya. Umzekelo, ezinye iimveliso zeCHINAEVSE zifumene isiqinisekiso se-UL, CSA, Energy Star eMelika kunye nesiqinisekiso se-CE, UKCA, MID kwi-European Union. ICHINAEVSE ifake uluhlu lwe-BP lwababoneleli kunye nabavelisi beemfumba zokutshaja.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Julayi-10-2023