Ngowama-2022, ukuthunyelwa kweemoto eTshayina kuya kufikelela kwizigidi ezi-3.32, kudlule iJamani ibe ngumthengisi weemoto wesibini ngobukhulu kwihlabathi liphela. Ngokwedatha evela kwi-General Administration of Customs ehlanganiswe yi-China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, kwikota yokuqala yalo nyaka, iTshayina ithumele ngaphandle malunga ne-1.07 yezigidi zeemoto, ukunyuka konyaka nonyaka kwe-58.1%, kudlule ukuthunyelwa kweemoto eJapan ngexesha elifanayo, kwaye ibe ngumthengisi weemoto omkhulu kwihlabathi liphela.
Kunyaka ophelileyo, ukuthunyelwa kwezithuthi zombane eTshayina kufikelele kwiiyunithi ezingama-679,000, ukwanda kwezihlandlo ezili-1.2 ngonyaka, kunye norhwebo lwangaphandle lwamazwe ngamazwe.iinqwaba zokutshajaiqhubekile nokukhula. Kuyaqondakala ukuba inqwaba yokutshaja yezithuthi zamandla ngoku yimveliso yorhwebo lwangaphandle enezinga eliphezulu lokuguqulwa kwiqonga le-e-commerce eliwela imida yelizwe lam. Ngo-2022, imfuno yeenqwaba zokutshaja zaphesheya iya kunyuka ngama-245%; ngoMatshi kulo nyaka kuphela, imfuno yokuthengwa kweenqwaba zokutshaja zaphesheya inyuke ngama-218%.
“Ukususela ngoJulayi 2022, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kweenqwaba zokutshaja kuye kwanda kancinci kancinci. Oku kunxulumene nemvelaphi yokwaziswa kwemigaqo-nkqubo emininzi evela eYurophu nase-United States ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nophuhliso lweshishini lezithuthi zamandla ezintsha zaseTshayina.” USu Xin, usihlalo kunye ne-CEO ye-Energy Times, utshilo kudliwanondlebe neentatheli.
UTong Zongqi, unobhala jikelele weCandelo lokuTshaja nokuTshintshana le-China Association of Automobile Manufacturers kunye nosekela-nobhala jikelele we-China Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Promotion Alliance, uxelele iintatheli ukuba okwangoku kukho iindlela ezimbini zokutshaja iinkampani eziqokelela imali “ukuya kwihlabathi liphela”. Enye kukusebenzisa uthungelwano lwabathengisi bamanye amazwe okanye izixhobo ezinxulumene noko ukuthumela ngaphandle ngokwazo;
Kwihlabathi liphela, ukwakhiwa kweziseko zokutshaja kube yindawo yokuqala kumazwe amaninzi nakwiindawo zokukhuthaza ngamandla ukuphunyezwa kwezicwangciso zezithuthi zamandla amatsha. Imigaqo-nkqubo yeziseko zokutshaja ekhutshwe yiYurophu ne-United States icacile kwaye iyakhayo, ngenjongo "yokubuyela kwindawo yokuqala" kukhuphiswano lweshishini lezithuthi zamandla amatsha. Ngokombono kaSu Xin, kwiminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwemi-5 ezayo, inxalenye ephambili yeziseko zokutshaja zezithuthi zamandla amatsha zehlabathi kulindeleke ukuba igqitywe. Ngeli xesha, imakethi iya kukhula ngokukhawuleza, ize izinze kwaye ibe kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo lophuhliso.
Kuyaqondakala ukuba kwiqonga le-Amazon, kukho iinkampani ezininzi zaseTshayina eziye zonwabela ibhonasi ekwi-intanethi "yokuya kwihlabathi liphela", kwaye iChengdu Coens Technology Co., Ltd. (ebizwa ngokuba yi "Coens") yenye yazo. Ukusukela oko yaqala ishishini kwiqonga le-Amazon ngo-2017, iCohens iye yamkela uphawu lwayo "lokuya phesheya", yaba yinkampani yokuqala yokutshaja eTshayina kwaye inezona zine ziphambili kwihlabathi ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho emithathu yombane yaseYurophu. Emehlweni abantu abangaphakathi kushishino, lo mzekelo wanele ukubonisa ukuba iinkampani zaseTshayina zinokuthembela kumandla azo ukwakha iimpawu zehlabathi kwiimarike zaphesheya ngokusebenzisa iindlela ze-intanethi.
Umgangatho "wokuguquka" kwimarike yeenqwelwana zokutshaja zasekhaya ucacile kubo bonke abakwishishini. Ngenxa yoku, ukuphonononga iimarike zaphesheya akusiyo nje imfuneko yesicwangciso semarike yehlabathi "yolwandle oluluhlaza" lweNuggets, kodwa ikwayindlela yokudala enye "indlela enegazi" evela kukhuphiswano lwemarike yasekhaya. USun Yuqi, umlawuli weShenzhen ABB Company, ebesebenza kwicandelo leenqwelwana zokutshaja iminyaka esi-8. Ubone iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeenkampani "ziphuma kwisangqa" kukhuphiswano kwimarike yasekhaya, de zandisa "ibala lazo lemfazwe" phesheya.
Zithini iingenelo zamashishini asekhaya akhupha iipali zokutshaja?
Ngokombono kaZhang Sainan, umlawuli weeakhawunti eziphambili zokuvulwa kwevenkile yehlabathi yeAmazon, inzuzo yokhuphiswano lweshishini lezithuthi zamandla ezintsha zaseTshayina kwimarike yehlabathi ikakhulu ivela "kwisabelo" sabantu kunye neetalente. "Ikhonkco lokubonelela eliphezulu kunye namaqela emizi-mveliso anokuxhasa iinkampani zaseTshayina ukuvelisa iimveliso eziphambili ngendlela efanelekileyo. Kwicandelo lokutshaja iinqwaba, siphambili kakhulu kushishino ngokwetekhnoloji. Ngeenzuzo zobugcisa, kunye neziseko zesicelo eziphambili kunye neqela elikhulu leenjineli, singagqiba ukufika kweemveliso ezibonakalayo kwaye sinikezele ngeenkonzo kuzo." Uthe.
Ukongeza kwitekhnoloji kunye nothungelwano lokubonelela, izibonelelo zeendleko nazo zifanelekile ukukhankanywa. “Ngamanye amaxesha, oogxa bethu baseYurophu bancokola nathi baze babuze ngexabiso lenqwaba yokutshaja ye-DC esemgangathweni kazwelonke. Siphendula ngokuhlekisa kancinci, ukuba nje uphawu lwe-euro luthathelwe indawo yi-RMB, impendulo yile. Wonke umntu unokubona ukuba umahluko wexabiso mkhulu kangakanani.” USung Yuqi uxelele iintatheli ukuba ixabiso lemarike leIinqwaba zokutshaja ze-ACeMelika yi-700-2,000 yeedola zaseMelika, kwaye eTshayina yi-2,000-3,000 yuan. “Imarike yasekhaya ‘ininzi’ kakhulu kwaye kunzima ukwenza imali. Wonke umntu unokuya kwiimarike zangaphandle kuphela ukuze afumane inzuzo ephezulu.” Umthombo weshishini ongafuni ukubizwa ngegama utyhilele iintatheli ukuba ukuphepha ukhuphiswano lwangaphakathi oluqatha nokuya phesheya yindlela yokuphuma kuphuhliso lweenkampani zokutshaja zasekhaya.
Nangona kunjalo, le mingeni ayinakuthathwa lula. Ngenxa yemingeni eza kudibana nayo iinkampani ezihlawulisa iimfumba xa “zisiya elwandle”, uTong Zongqi ukholelwa ukuba into yokuqala neyona ibalulekileyo yimingcipheko yezopolitiko, kwaye iinkampani kufuneka zigxile kulo mba.
Ngokwembono yexesha elide, lukhetho olunzima kodwa oluchanekileyoinqwaba yokutshajaiinkampani zingene kwimarike yehlabathi. Nangona kunjalo, ngeli nqanaba, iinkampani ezininzi kufuneka zijongane neemfuno zemigaqo-nkqubo nemigaqo eYurophu, eMelika nakwamanye amazwe nakwiindawo. Umzekelo, ngoFebruwari kulo nyaka, urhulumente wase-US ucebise ukuba zonke iipali zokutshaja ezixhaswa yi-"Infrastructure Act" yelizwe maziveliswe apha ekhaya, kwaye ukuhlanganiswa kokugqibela kwanoma yiyiphi na igobolondo yetshaja yentsimbi okanye yentsimbi okanye indlu, kunye nazo zonke iinkqubo zokuvelisa, kufuneka kwenziwe e-United States, kwaye le mfuneko iqala ukusebenza ngoko nangoko. Kuxelwe ukuba ukususela ngoJulayi 2024, ubuncinci i-55% yeendleko zezixhobo zepali zokutshaja kuya kufuneka zivela e-United States.
Singalibamba njani “ixesha elibalulekileyo” lophuhliso lweshishini kwiminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwemi-5 ezayo? USu Xin unike ingcebiso, oko kukuthi, ukuba nombono wehlabathi ukususela kwinqanaba lokuqala. Ugxininise wathi: “Iimarike zaphesheya zinokubonelela ngenzuzo epheleleyo esemgangathweni ophezulu. Iinkampani zaseTshayina ezitshaja iimfumba zinezakhono zokuvelisa kunye nokukwazi ukufikelela kwimarike yehlabathi. Nokuba lixesha lini, kufuneka sivule ipateni size sijonge ihlabathi.”
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-24-2023