Yintoni itshaja yeLevel 1 ev?
Yonke i-EV iza nentambo yokutshaja yasimahla yeNqanaba loku-1. Ihambelana nayo yonke indawo, ayibizi mali ukuyifaka, kwaye ifakwa kuyo nayiphi na indawo yokukhupha i-120-V eqhelekileyo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwixabiso lombane kunye novavanyo lokusebenza kakuhle kwe-EV yakho, ukutshaja kwe-L1 kubiza phakathi kwe-2¢ ukuya kwi-6¢ ngemayile.
Umlinganiselo wamandla etshaja yeLevel 1 ev ufikelela kwi-2.4 kW, ubuyisela ixesha lokutshaja ukuya kuthi ga kwiimayile ezi-5 ngeyure, malunga neemayile ezingama-40 rhoqo emva kweeyure ezi-8. Ekubeni umqhubi oqhelekileyo eqhuba iimayile ezingama-37 ngosuku, oku kusebenza kubantu abaninzi.
Itshaja yeLevel 1 ev ingasebenza nakubantu abasebenza okanye isikolo sabo esibonelela ngeendawo zokutshaja zeLevel 1 ev, nto leyo evumela ii-EV zabo ukuba zitshaje imini yonke xa besiya ekhaya.
Abaqhubi abaninzi be-EV babiza intambo yetshaja ye-L Level 1 ev njengetshaja yongxamiseko okanye itshaja ye-trickle kuba ayizukuhambisana nokuhamba ixesha elide okanye ukuqhuba ngeempelaveki ezinde.
Yintoni itshaja yeLevel 2 ev?
Itshaja yeLevel 2 ev isebenza kwi-input voltage ephezulu, i-240 V, kwaye idla ngokuxhunywa ngokusisigxina kwisekethe ye-240-V ekwigaraji okanye kwindlela yokungena. Iimodeli eziphathekayo zifakelwa kwi-dryer eqhelekileyo ye-240-V okanye kwi-welder receptacles, kodwa ayizizo zonke izindlu ezinazo ezi zinto.
Itshaja yeLevel 2 ev ixabisa i-$300 ukuya kwi-$2,000, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo, umlinganiselo wamandla, kunye neemfuno zokufakelwa. Kuxhomekeke kwixabiso lombane kunye nomlinganiselo wokusebenza kakuhle kwe-EV yakho, itshaja yeLevel 2 ev ixabisa i-2¢ ukuya kwi-6¢ ngemayile.
Itshaja ye-ev yenqanaba lesi-2zihambelana kakhulu nee-EV ezixhotyiswe nge-SAE J1772 okanye i-“J-plug” esemgangathweni kushishino. Ungazifumana iitshaja ze-L2 ezifikeleleka kuluntu kwiigaraji zokupaka, kwiindawo zokupaka, phambi kwamashishini, kwaye zifakelwe abasebenzi nabafundi.
Itshaja yeLevel 2 ev idla ngokusebenza ngamandla afikelela kwi-12 kW, ibuyisela itshaja ukuya kuthi ga kwiimayile ezili-12 ngeyure, malunga ne-100 miles rhoqo emva kweeyure ezisi-8. Kumqhubi oqhelekileyo, oqhuba iimayile ezingama-37 ngosuku, oku kufuna iiyure ezi-3 kuphela zokutshaja.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba useluhambeni olude kunesithuthi sakho, kuya kufuneka ugcwalise ngokukhawuleza ukuze utshaje iLevel 2.
Yintoni itshaja yeLevel 3 ev?
Itshaja ye-ev yenqanaba lesi-3 zezona tshaja ze-EV zikhawulezayo ezikhoyo. Zihlala zisebenza kwi-480 V okanye kwi-1,000 V kwaye azifumaneki rhoqo emakhaya. Zilungele ngakumbi iindawo ezinabantu abaninzi, njengeendawo zokuphumla ezindleleni ezinkulu kunye neendawo zokuthenga nezokuzonwabisa, apho imoto inokutshajwa khona ngaphantsi kweyure.
Imirhumo yokutshaja ingasekelwa kwixabiso leyure okanye nge-kWh nganye. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimirhumo yobulungu kunye nezinye izinto, itshaja yeLevel 3 ev ixabisa phakathi kwe-12¢ ukuya kwi-25¢ ngemayile nganye.
Itshaja ye-ev yeNqanaba lesi-3 ayihambelani ngokupheleleyo kwaye akukho mgangatho weshishini. Okwangoku, iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili yiSuperchargers, iSAE CCS (iCombined Charging System), kunye neCHAdeMO (igama elithi "ungathanda ikomityi yeti," ngesiJapani).
IiSupercharger zisebenza neemodeli ezithile zeTesla, iitshaja zeSAE CCS zisebenza nee-EV ezithile zaseYurophu, kwaye iCHAdeMO isebenza nee-EV ezithile zaseAsia, nangona ezinye izithuthi kunye neetshaja zinokuhambelana neeadaptha.
Itshaja ye-ev yenqanaba lesi-3ngokubanzi iqala kwi-50 kW ize inyuke ukusuka apho. Umzekelo, umgangatho we-CHAdeMO usebenza ukuya kuthi ga kwi-400 kW kwaye unenguqulelo ye-900-kW esaphuhliswayo. Ii-Tesla Superchargers zihlala zitshaja kwi-72 kW, kodwa ezinye zinamandla okufikelela kwi-250 kW. Amandla aphezulu anjalo anokwenzeka kuba iitshaja ze-L3 aziyilandeli i-OBC kunye nemida yayo, zitshaja ibhetri ngokuthe ngqo yi-DC.
Kukho isilumkiso esinye, sokuba ukutshaja ngesantya esiphezulu kufumaneka kuphela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-80% yamandla. Emva kwe-80%, i-BMS inciphisa kakhulu izinga lokutshaja ukuze ikhusele ibhetri.
Amanqanaba etshaja athelekiswa
Nantsi intelekelelo yezikhululo zokutshaja zeNqanaba loku-1 vs. leNqanaba lesi-2 vs. leNqanaba lesi-3:
Imveliso yombane
Inqanaba 1: 1.3 kW kunye ne-2.4 kW AC yangoku
Inqanaba lesi-2: Umbane we-AC osuka kwi-3kW ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-20kW, imveliso iyahluka ngokwemodeli
Inqanaba lesi-3: 50kw ukuya kwi-350kw DC yangoku
Uluhlu
Inqanaba loku-1: 5 km (okanye iimayile eziyi-3.11) zomgama ngeyure yokutshaja; ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezingama-24 ukutshaja ibhetri ngokupheleleyo
Inqanaba lesi-2: 30 ukuya kuma-50km (iikhilomitha ezingama-20 ukuya kuma-30) zomgama ngeyure yokutshaja; ibhetri epheleleyo ubusuku bonke
Inqanaba lesi-3: Umgama ofikelela kwiimayile ezingama-20 ngomzuzu; ibhetri epheleleyo itshajwa ngaphantsi kweyure
Ixabiso
Inqanaba 1: Incinci; intambo yomlomo iza nokuthengwa kwe-EV kwaye abanini be-EV banokusebenzisa indawo yokuphuma ekhoyo
Inqanaba lesi-2: $300 ukuya kwi-$2,000 ngetshaja nganye, kunye neendleko zokufakela
Inqanaba lesi-3: ~$10,000 ngetshaja nganye, kunye neentlawulo zokufakela ezibizayo
Iimeko zokusetyenziswa
Inqanaba 1: Iindawo zokuhlala (izindlu zosapho olunye okanye iiflethi)
Inqanaba lesi-2: Iindawo zokuhlala, zorhwebo (iindawo zokuthengisa, iindawo zokuhlala iintsapho ezininzi, iindawo zokupaka zikawonke-wonke); zingasetyenziswa ngabaninimzi ngabanye ukuba kufakwe iplagi ye-240V
Inqanaba lesi-3: Ezorhwebo (kwii-EV ezinzima kunye noninzi lwee-EV zabakhweli)
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-29-2024